2020年第4期

  05      翻译学知识体系的创新与重构——一个关系论的视角       蓝红军
13      探索翻译学中国学派的知识范型与可行路径——兼论“做翻译”与“看翻译”两种范式之特质  刘军平
23      译学知识生产的建构性反思          李瑞林

32      清代翻译科钩沉               张政  冉蔓
40      卞之琳与穆旦诗歌翻译思想辨异——从《译诗艺术的成年》对穆旦的批评谈起          黄元军

48      《浮士德》在我国的译介考辨（1903-2019）               陈巍
59      理雅各《墨子》译介成因钩沉              刘松

67      我国翻译在线开放课程现状及对策研究——基于新冠肺炎疫情期间在线教学的反思  覃军  向云
76      基于视频会议平台的远程同步口译教学——以北外高翻同声传译课程为例       卢信朝

85      “中学西传”在新世纪的回顾与思考——评《20世纪中国古代文化经典域外传播研究书系》            罗莹

92      政治文献外译须兼顾准确性和接受度——外交部外语专家陈明明访谈录    周忠良

101    选择、互动与探索——雷威安与中国文学法译            陈嘉琨  刘云虹

110    古代纪时制度英译的价值取向与文化认同——基于韩南清代小说译本的研究     刘晓晖  朱源

118    众包翻译平台的伦理问题及其对策：多案例对比研究  张慧玉  杨晰雯

127    计算机翻译辅助技术在同传中的应用及对同传生态系统的影响           李俊

133    论“译文学”的理论实质及其意义          梁新军

141    基于小句翻译移位对比的文学翻译描写研究      张道振  Christian Matthiessen
151    法律长句翻译的基本规律和流程——以合同条款的英汉翻译为例    李克兴
162    政治场域汉英口译中语块的增补性显化操作规范              李洋  张慧

172    Is Advertising Good for Society? (Excerpt) (Alison Alexander & Jarisce Hanson)         周领顺  袁凝忆 译
177    说理文体的语言、逻辑及其翻译转换             周领顺
181    玫瑰的刺（庐隐）                蔡力坚 译
183    译者要知道自己在说什么           蔡力坚

   
 
  关键词：翻译学；知识体系；逻辑基础；实体论；关系论
  关键词：翻译学中国学派；知识范型；反思；“做翻译”；“看翻译”；
 
  关键词：译学知识生产；研究对象；视角转换；翻译实践；知识融通

  关键词：翻译科；清代；满汉蒙；考务
  关键词：卞之琳；穆旦；《译诗艺术的成年》；诗歌翻译思想
 
  关键词：歌德；《浮士德》；汉译；考辨
  关键词：理雅各；《中国经典》；《墨子》；儒学；基督教

  关键字：翻译在线开放课程；建设现状；新冠肺炎疫情；在线教学；问题与对策
  关键词：视频会议平台；远程教学；同步网络课堂；同声传译课程

  关键词：典籍外译；文献编年书目；“中译外”理论；跨学科研究；批评的中国学

  关键词：雷威安；中国文学；译介；选择

  关键词：韩南清代小说翻译；古代纪时制度；价值取向；文化认同

  关键词：众包翻译；众包翻译平台；伦理问题；道德问题

  关键词：机器翻译；语音识别技术；翻译；翻译行业研究；技术与社会
 
关键词：译文学；王向远；翻译文学；译介学；问题导向

  关键词：及物性模式；语言功能；文学翻译；描写；移位
  关键词：操作分析； 语法分析；语篇分析；古旧词；配对词；简明英语；重写
  关键词：语块；口译语料库；高频率；显化；操作规范
    Abstract: This paper reflects epistemologically on the ontological inadequacy of the existing system of Translation Studies for production of knowledge. Calling attention to the fact that a substantialism underlies and informs the practice of TS, the paper goes on to identify four manifestations of such a modus of being: restricting the discipline’s research object to entities only; adopting a scientistic paradigm of practice; defining the disciplinary goal in terms of a search for objective knowledge alone; and setting up a tree-like structure as its knowledge organization. To solve these issues, the paper proposes that we switch our commitment to a multiple-valued rather than single-valued logic and subscribe to relativism instead of substantialism. Only with such a fundamental change in our conceptualization of TS can a new perspective for evaluating our theoretical contributions and orienting our knowledge innovation in the future be obtained.
Keywords: Translation Studies; knowledge system; construction; substantialism; relativism

 
Abstract: This paper holds that to develop a Chinese school of translation studies with distinct theoretical postulates and unique values, it is necessary that we draw on the resources of traditional translation discourse while rejecting the conceptual dross therein. To this end, a distinction should be made between “doing translation” and “observing translation,” as two paradigms of practice for analyzing and comparing the epistemological characteristics of traditional Chinese translation discourse and contemporary Western translation theories. Some possible paths for constructing the Chinese School are also proposed so as to facilitate a shift to the “doing translation” paradigm that overcomes the “observing translation” model’s weaknesses and yet retains all its strengths.
Keywords: Chinese School of Translation Studies; epistemological paradigm; reflection; “doing translation”; “observing translation”

 
Abstract: Ever since Holmes mapped out its disciplinary development in the 1970’s, Translation Studies has undergone a transformation from a branch of academic inquiry into an independent area of studies, with a structure of discourse and an architecture of knowledge for undertaking cross- and inter-disciplinary researches. To further promote the researches, this paper offers some meta- and self-reflections on TS’s mode of knowledge production. Following a general review of the trajectory of TS’s disciplinary growth, the paper addresses three critical problems that have hampered the systematization and innovation of the knowledge generation in question, i.e., inadequate cognition of the central object of its studies, a lack of congruence among the diverse perspectives brought to bear on translation, and the divergence between theory and practice. Weighed down by these problems, TS remains unable to turn itself into an internally consistent and socially relevant knowledge system capable of taking into full account both domain-general and domain-specific mechanisms of translation. To contribute to the solution of these problems and to enhance the discipline’s output quality, the paper proposes in conclusion that TS strive for consilience on three planes: between the truth-oriented dualistic Western model of thinking and the process-based unitary Oriental model of thinking, between Translation Studies per se and other relevant disciplines, and between knowledge production processes and real-world translation operations.
Keywords: Translation Studies; knowledge production; object of study; perspective shift; translation praxis; consilience

Abstract: Translators have been playing a key role in trade and cultural exchanges since the ancient times, and yet few studies have been made so far on the procedure for selecting qualified translators. In an attempt to fill the gap, this paper calls attention to the Imperial Translation Examination during the Qing Dynasty as a historical case in translator selection. By looking into the purpose, management and enrollment procedure of the Examination and finding out the extent to which the official procedure worked, the paper assesses its successes and failings as a way to select competent translators. The study is meant to shed some useful light on today’s practice in translator selection, and to add a missing piece to the historical account of Chinese translation as
well.
Keywords: The Imperial Translation Examination; the Qing Dynasty; exam affairs

 
Abstract: Bian Zhilin’s criticism of Mu Dan in his essay “The Mature Age of the Art of Poetry Translation” raises a notable academic issue that remains neglected by contemporary studies of translation. By way of a reinterpretation of Bian’s polemic, this paper looks into and compares the two critics’ core understandings of poetry translation and literary communication, finding their views divergent primarily over whether or not the form of the original ought to be faithfully reproduced in poetry translation. Their conflict of opinions deserves further attention from Chinese translation scholars, since a sustained conversation on the issue promises to shed new light on the relationship between modern Chinese poetry and foreign poetry, thus to clarify the generic identity of China’s “new poetry” and to enrich the historical account of the development of Chinese translation.
Keywords: Bian Zhilin; Mu Dan; “The Mature Age of the Art of Poetry Translation”; poetry translation

 
 
Abstract: In the second volume of his Chinese Classics, The Works of Mencius, James Legge included his renditions of three articles by Mozi under the title “Universal Love.” Whereas these are the earliest known translations of Mohist texts in the western world, why Legge should have decided to mix them up with Confucian canons has yet to attract attention from relevant scholarly fields. In a bid to tackle the question, this paper takes a close look at Legge’s complex translation behavior against the social circumstances of his time. Pointing to the relationship between Protestantism and Confucianism in the 19th century as a clue, the paper explores Legge’s attitude towards Confucianism, Mohism and Christianity as a way of identifying the motives lying underneath his translation of the Mozi. The exposure of these motives helps to bring about a fresher and more comprehensive view of his Chinese Classics, making available a complex picture of the collision and fusion among three different cultures in the 19th
century.
Keywords: James Legge; Chinese Classics; Mozi; Confucianism; Christianity

 
Abstract: COVID-19 pandemic has made it necessary to substitute a video conferencing-enabled online mode for the traditional face-to-face interpreting teaching at the Graduate School of Translation and Interpretation, Beijing Foreign Studies University. To find out how the processes, outcomes, benefits and drawbacks of distance learning and teaching in synchronous cyber classrooms have been perceived, this paper conducts a series of surveys and interviews of the trainers and trainees concerned. While the findings tend to corroborate the feasibility and effectiveness of the online delivery in general, they also point to some deficiencies of the new teaching paradigm and thus pose some challenges to the application of distance mode and video conferencing technology. To successfully meet these challenges and implement either a fully online training or a blended one, it is imperative that interpreting-related businesses, educational institutions, teachers and other stakeholders be encouraged to collaboratively build a vibrant community for the promotion of China’s smart interpreting education.
Keywords: video conferencing; distance teaching; synchronous cyber classroom; simultaneous interpreting course

 
Abstract: Few translators have left a more visible imprint on Chinese literature’s translation and dissemination in the Francophone world than French sinologist André Lévy.  In this paper, we take a close look at Lévy’s selection of source texts and his pursuit of translated texts’ integrity, analyzing in particular the interaction between Lévy’s translations and his researches in the context of French sinology’s development. By foregrounding Lévy’s efforts to explore and expand the possibilities of translation in line with the concepts and principles he subscribed to, the paper also provides a point of reference for the translation and dissemination of Chinese literature in general.
Keywords: André Lévy; Chinese literature; translation and dissemination; choice

 
Abstract: The timing system in ancient China had borne witness to the advancement of Chinese civilization. It is important therefore that in rendering it into English one should take into consideration both the differences between the East and the West and those between the past and the present, and should reflect on the value orientation and the cultural identity that necessarily inform the translation process. On the basis of the relevant data collected from Patrick Hanan’s six translations of Qing novels, this paper identifies his two major value orientations, i.e., preservation and assimilation, in an attempt to observe whither the pendulum of the translator’s choice swings and how the choice is made. The study shows the extent to which Hanan recognizes China’s ancient timing system, revealing his attitudinal variation toward different cultural elements. It also helps to define the roles played by sinologists-cum-translators in China’s on-going initiative to introduce its culture abroad.
Keywords: Hanan; English translation; fiction of Qing Dynasty; ancient timing system; value orientation; cultural identity

 
Abstract: Because of the unique advantages they offer, crowdsourcing translation platforms have developed rapidly in recent years.  However, behind their rapid growth lurk a multitude of problems, of which the ethical issues are the most invidious and at the same time the most neglected. Combining a moral and a legal perspective, this paper conducts a comparative case study of 7 representative crowdsourcing translation platforms worldwide. Among the findings that: i) for users of such platforms, the ethical problems they face mainly concern legitimacy of content, copyright, and the decision to quit the platform at their own discretion; and ii) for the platforms, exploitation of labor and failure to offer protection for the participants’ legal rights are the most troublesome problems ethically. To mitigate and eventually solve such problems, we offer some suggestions derived from an interdisciplinary perspective of law and management. And we also hold out some platforms as exemplary of ethical practices for others to emulate.
Keywords: crowdsourcing translation; crowdsourcing translation platform; ethical problem; moral problem